Agriraghv

What It Is?? Paralanguage  includes accent, pitch, volume, speech rate, modulation, and Fluency Some researchers also include certain non-vocal phenomena under the heading of paralanguage: facial expressions, eye movements, hand gestures, and the like. "The boundaries of paralanguage," says Peter Matthews, "are (unavoidably) imprecise." Although paralinguistics was once described as the "neglected stepchild" in language studies, linguists and other researchers have recently demonstrated greater interest in the field.   The rise in recent decades of non-face-to-face communication through email, text messaging, and social media led to the use of emoticons as a substitute for paralanguage. Etymology - From Greek and Latin, "beside" + "language" Paralinguistic Communication  Paralinguistics is the part of communication outside of the words themselves – the volume, speed, inton...

Seed production of Tomato Floral biology Botanical name - Lycopersicum esculentus Family - Solanaceae Chromosome No - 24 Origin- Peru(Mexico) Inflorescence: Extra-axillary cyme with dichotomous or polychotomous branching. The Flower: Ebracteate,bright yellow, chasmogamous, pentamerous, actinomorphic, hypogynous, hermaphrodite, with pistil enveloped by a solid tube formed by the stamens. Calyx: 5 sepals, united, often persistent, possesses trichomes. Corolla: Bright yellow, 5 petals, gamopetalous. Androecium: 5 stamens, epipetalous, small filaments, large anthers, stamens form a solid cone enclosing the pistils. Anthers dehiscence is introsely longitudinal. Gynoecium: Ovary- superior bicarpellary & syncarpous Style- single Stigma- bilobed Anthesis : Starts in morning around 6 am and continues till 11 am. Maximum flower opening- 7 to 9 am. Stigma receptivity- 16 to 18 hrs before anthesis to 5 to 6 days after anthesi...

Watershed : The topography of any region may be subdivided into several ecological units, each of which drains to a common point. Each such ecological unit is referred to as watershed. Strictly speaking, the higher land that separates each such unit is called a watershed, and the unit itself being termed as the catchment area. However, it has become fairly common now to speak of catchment area and watershed in identical terms. The size of a watershed may vary from a few hectares to thousands of square kilometers. Table (following the diagram) provides a system of classifying watersheds at different levels of aggregation.   Causes of watershed deterioration :  Agricultural land: Cultivation on sloping land without adequate precautions; cultivation along naala; cultivation of erosion permitting crops; over cropping areas without replenishing soil fertility.   Forestland: Clear felling on steep slopes; drastic thinning of plants along slopes; faulty lo...

Etawah Pilot Project E tawah Pilot Project    The idea of starting this project was co↳ nceived and born in 1947. It was put into action with headquarters at Mahewa village about 17 miles from Etawah (U.P.) in September, 1948. First 64 villages, which were then increased to 97, were covered under this project. Lt.col. Albert Mayer of USA, who came to India with the American forces in 1944, was the originator of this project for his scheme, assistance was given by USA and UP Government. The second name of this project is "Average district project". By name it seems that this is a representative district on the basis of resources criteria; so that successful programme should be adopted in all places easily. It was conceived in 1947. But it was started in September 1948. This project was initiated in the guidance of Lt. Colonel Albert Mayor who had come to India with American armed forces in 1944, and had background of this type of work in USA. Mr. Harace...

Absorption of water Agriraghv Water in the atmosphere😊 The electromagnetic interactions with ice, snow, and clouds are determined by the refractive index and absorption coefficient of pure ice plus the reflectance, absorbance and transmittance effects of grain size (for snow), bubbles (for glacier and lake ices), brine inclusions (for sea ice) and impurities (for clouds) [ 3580 ]. Clouds contain smaller ice crystals than snow plus dust and soot. The spectrum of ice resembles (but is not identical to) that of water (see  below ) except in the far-infrared, microwave and radio-wave regions (particularly <~20 cm -1 ). The grain size of snow determines its reflectance with larger crystals showing poorer reflectance (poorer aldebo) and greater absorbance. Ice is blue (like liquid water, see  below ) but snow is white. Snow and ice are transparent to radio waves with radar able to determine ice-sheet thickness. Ordinary ice is birefringent . Active absorption ...

Chromosome Structure What is a chromosome? ''A  chromosome  is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule with part or all of the genetic material (genome) of an organism. Most eukaryotic  chromosomes  include packaging proteins which, aided by chaperone proteins, bind to and condense the DNA molecule to prevent it from becoming an unmanageable tangle'' Genes are organized into discrete cellular structures called chromosomes that coordinate DNA replication and distribution of replicated genetic copies between two daughter cells. As vehicles of genetic transmission, chromosomes play a central role in Darwinian evolution. Chromosome Size Free-living bacteria need genetic information to synthesize proteins for executing vital functions. Most bacteria have a single chromosome with DNA that is about 2Mbp (mega base pairs) long (1Mbp 5 1 000 000 base pairs), but the DNA content ofdifferent species varies from 0.58 to greater than 9 Mbp ofDNA, and s...